Spanish Loanwords

Displaying 1411 - 1440 of 1451
Orthographic Variants: 
Virge, virco

Virgo, a sign of the zodiac; actually, originally a loanword from Latin, although possibly similar in siixteenth-century Spanish; see Lori Boornazian Diel, The Codex Mexicanus: A Guide to Life in Late-Sixteenth-Century New Spain (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2018), 173.

Also attested as a sign of the zociac in: central Mexico, early seventeenth century, Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 124–125.

the wife of the viceroy
(a loanword from Spanish)

Orthographic Variants: 
birei, birey, BiRey, rey

viceroy, or vice-king, highest colonial official, a position held by Spaniards (see also our entry for visorey)

Orthographic Variants: 
bisita, bisçita, biçita

a visit; an inspection; also, a small outlying church and an occasional mass for an outlying parish
(a loanword from Spanish)

Orthographic Variants: 
besitador, vixitador

an inspector
(a loanword from Spanish)

to visit with the purpose of making an inspection, to inspect
(a Nahuatlization of the Spanish word visitar)

Orthographic Variants: 
visorrey, visurrey, pisorey

viceroy, or vice-king, highest colonial official, a position held by Spaniards (see also virrey, which is somewhat less common as a loanword in Nahuatl texts)
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 241.

Orthographic Variants: 
bisperas, pispera, vispera, bisperaz, vesperas

eve (of a saint's day, holiday, etc.), the night before
(a loanword from Spanish)

James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 241.

Orthographic Variants: 
bitalelo

one who supplies victuals or foodstuffs
(a loanword from Spanish)

the Basque region of what is now Spain
(a loanword from Spanish)

Orthographic Variants: 
buos

voice
(a loanword from Spanish)

Orthographic Variants: 
X

a Roman numeral for the number 10, a loan

ʃiːkɑltikɑ

by gourd container (called a jícara in Spanish) (a measure); also translates as in a vessel, with or by means of a (gourd) vessel
Robert Haskett and Stephanie Wood's notes from Nahuatl sessions with James Lockhart and subsequent research.

Orthographic Variants: 
xiii

the Roman numerals for 8, a loan

lady, madam (a loanword from Spanish, same as señōrah)

James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 241.

Orthographic Variants: 
xl

the Roman numerals for 40 (L, or 50, minus X, or 10)
Luis Reyes García, Eustaquio Celestino Solís, Armando Valencia Ríos, et al, Documentos nauas de la Ciudad de México del siglo XVI (Mexico City: Centro de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social y Archivo General de la Nación, 1996), 98.

Orthographic Variants: 
xuchi pasqua, xochi pasqua

Easter flowers
(partially a loanword from Spanish)

rose oil (lit. flower oil)

This indigenous community appears in a Relación Geográfica in a region that is now part of Mexican state of Morelos.

Matrícula de Tributos (Tribute Roll), Digital World Library, http://www.wdl.org/en/item/3248/pages.html#volume/1/page/5.

Orthographic Variants: 
xolar, jurar, jular

house lot; sometimes cultivated; sometimes seen in Tlaxcala as though in a reference to the grid (traza), or a street (in Puebla) (a loanword from Spanish, solar) S. L. Cline, Colonial Culhuacan, 1580-1600: A Social History of an Aztec Town (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1986), 236. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, can be seen to mean barrio or pueblo. (See attestations in Spanish.)  See also our entry for solar.

Orthographic Variants: 
xṕto

abbreviation for Cristo ("Christ"); there should be an overline on the p
James Lockhart, The Nahuas after the Conquest: A Social and Cultural History of the Indians of Central Mexico, Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992), 413.

Orthographic Variants: 
xv

the Roman numerals for 15, a loan

Orthographic Variants: 
xx

the Roman numerals for 20, a loan

Luis Reyes García, Eustaquio Celestino Solís, Armando Valencia Ríos, et al, Documentos nauas de la Ciudad de México del siglo XVI (Mexico City: Centro de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social y Archivo General de la Nación, 1996), 99.

Orthographic Variants: 
xxxv

the Roman numerals for 35 (XXX = 3 x 10, and V = 5)
Luis Reyes García, Eustaquio Celestino Solís, Armando Valencia Ríos, et al, Documentos nauas de la Ciudad de México del siglo XVI (Mexico City: Centro de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social y Archivo General de la Nación, 1996), 99.

and
(a loanword from Spanish)

Evangelista
(a loanword from Spanish)

Orthographic Variants: 
yecamecayo cauallo

a horse muzzle or chin strap (see Molina)
(partly a Spanish loanword, caballo, horse)

Orthographic Variants: 
yehua

mare
(a loanword from Spanish)

the trinity of God (see Molina)
(partly a loanword from Spanish, dios, God)