almud.

(a loanword from Spanish)

Headword: 
almud.
Principal English Translation: 

a Spanish dry measure, one-twelfth of a fanega, typically used to explain how much land can be planted in this quantify of seed; almoh is the contemporary variation from Eastern Huastecan Nahuatl (IDIEZ)
The Tlaxcalan Actas: A Compendium of the Records of the Cabildo of Tlaxcala (1545-1627), eds. James Lockhart, Frances Berdan, and Arthur J.O. Anderson (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1986), 15; and see Caterina Pizzigoni, ed., Testaments of Toluca (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 2007), 26.

Orthographic Variants: 
almo, almoh
Attestations from sources in English: 

axCa niquinCahuilia noSobrinos SenSe almū = Now I leave it to my nieces and nephews, I almud each. (Santa María de la Asunción, Toluca Valley, 1762)
Caterina Pizzigoni, ed., Testaments of Toluca (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 2007), 172.

Peck is another translation for this measure.

techichtequillia ce almo tlayolli (Cuernavaca, circa 1610)
Frances Karttunen and James Lockhart, Nahuatl in the Middle Years: Language Contact Phenomena in Texts of the Colonial Period, Linguistics 85 (Los Angeles, University of California Publications, 1976), Doc. 4.

calaqui nahui almo tlauli = four almudes of maize [seed?] can be planted; Lockhart says that five milli are being described and the number of almudes varies from one to four (Calimaya, 1738)
James Lockhart collection, notes in the file "Land and Economy." For this example he cites the Ayer Collection, Ms. 1477B (1). English translation proposed by Stephanie Wood.

Charles Gibson, Aztecs under Spanish Rule (p. 311), says that an "almud" is 1/12 of a fanega (0.73 acre).
James Lockhart collection, notes in the file "Land and Economy."

motocha [sic (meaning motoca)] se almon yhuan tlaco = planted with 1.5 almudes; this was "se tlali" at the bottom of a hill, and it was sold by a former regidor to his compadre for 6 pesos
(Santiago Tianguistengo, Toluca Valley, 1756)
Stephanie Wood collection, notes from Nahuatl documents in the file "Bills of Sale," citing AGN (Mexico) Tierras 2547, exp. 9, f. 12r.–v.

"se nomill" = "one piece of land (milli) of mine;" this was sold by one "don" to another "don" for 11 pesos; it measured 25 quahuitl, said to be 20 and "tlaco" matlacquahuitl, and it held 2.5 almudes of maize seed. It would appear from this example that the matlacquahuitl or matlaquahuitl was slightly larger than the quahuitl. (San Miguel Almoloya, Toluca Valley, 1754)
Stephanie Wood collection, notes from Nahuatl documents in the file "Bills of Sale," citing AGN (Mexico) Tierras 2539, exp. 11, ff. 4r, 7r. (Spanish translation on 7r.)

calaqui yey almo tlaoli xinaxtli = into which 3 almudes of maize seed fit (San Pablo Tepemaxalco, Toluca Valley, 1762)
Caterina Pizzigoni, ed., Testaments of Toluca (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 2007), 141.

ot yei almo = 3 almudes more
(Pizzigoni writes: "A strange detail is the replacement several times of syllable-final c by t, especially with oc in expressions meaning 'more, additional.'") (San Pablo Tepemaxalco, Toluca Valley, 1762)
Caterina Pizzigoni, ed., Testaments of Toluca (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 2007), 142–143.

cese almo Conanasque = are to take one almud each (San Pablo Tepemaxalco, Toluca Valley, 1762)
Caterina Pizzigoni, ed., Testaments of Toluca (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 2007), 143.

auh ynic oc cenca techtollinia yn mayortomos quinahuatia ynic quitamachihua tlayolli totlacallaquil yn iquac otemic yhuel omotzoquetz media ahneca oc çecpa techcuillia techichtequillia ce almo tlayolli quitohua diezmo auh tley tiezmo. = “He especially afflicts us by ordering the stewards, in measuring our maize tribute, when half a fanega is complete, full to the brim, to take and steal from us another almud of maize, saying it is the tithe. How the tithe?” (Karttunen & Lockhart eds. 1976: 101).
nitlanahuatia oc Se tlaltotli mani ynahuac altepel timocquaxuhnamiqui D.n blas difunto Calaqui tlaoli Se almo. = “I order that another small piece of land close to the altepetl that borders on [land of] the deceased don Blas, in which 1 almud of maize fits” (Pizzigoni ed. 2007: 177).[annals (AJB), petition (PCC), will (TT 8, TT 43, TT 44, TT 48, TT 51, TT 54, TT 56, TT 57, TT 58, TT 60, TT 61, TT 65, TT 66, TT 68, TT 72, TT 74, TT 76, TT 77, TT 78, TT 81, TT 82, TT 84, TT 85, TT 87, TT 97); time range: 1564–1783]
Loans in Colonial and Modern Nahuatl, eds. Agnieszka Brylak, Julia Madajczak, Justyna Olko, and John Sullivan, Trends in Linguistics Documentation 35 (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2020), 76.

IDIEZ morfema: 
almoh
IDIEZ traduc. inglés: 
1. measurement of four large or eight small cuartillos of land. 2. measurement of four cuartillos of corn, tomato, sesame, etc.
IDIEZ def. náhuatl: 
1. Ce tlatlamachihualiztli tlen tlalli tlen nahui cuartiyoh tlen hueyi zo chicueyi cuartiyoh tlen cuecuetztzin. “Eduardo itatah quinamacac ce almoh tlalli. ” 2. Ce tlatlamachihualiztli tlen nahui cuartiyoh tlen cintli, etl, tomatl, chilli, aholli huan miac tlamantli. “Manuel quicouhqui ce almoh cintli huan axcanah ahci quimacaqueh. ”
IDIEZ morfología: 
almud (huahca.)
IDIEZ gramática: 
tlat.