tlapalihui.

Headword: 
tlapalihui.
Principal English Translation: 

a young man, or a man who works and plows the land (see Molina); a field hand, a worker, a rural commoner (see attestations)

Orthographic Variants: 
tlapaliui, tlapalivi
IPAspelling: 
tɬɑhpɑliwi
Alonso de Molina: 

tlapaliui. mancebo crecido y casadero o gañan que labra y ara la tierra.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 130v. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

Attestations from sources in English: 

in njmaceoalli in njtlapaliuj = I who am a commoner, a field hand (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 9.

tlapaliuque = "literally, 'vigorous persons,'" "nonprincipales," "common men," "those who did physical labor," men "who owned no oxen and could bring only their digging sticks (huitzoctli) to communal-labor projects." At least one tlapalihui was impoverished and did not own any land, but apparently "most...did apparently have plots to call their own." (Tepemaxalco, Toluca Valley, 17th century)
"inhua tlapalique matlaCtli pos oquihuechiuhque" = "and the working men donated ten pesos" (Tepemaxalco, Toluca Valley, 1647)
Caterina Pizzigoni and Camilla Townsend, Indigenous Life after the Conquest: The De la Cruz Family Papers of Colonial Mexico (University Park, Penn.: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2021), 19.

"inhua tlapalique matlaCtli pos oquihuechiuhque" = "and the working men donated ten pesos" (Tepemaxalco, Toluca Valley, 1647)
Caterina Pizzigoni and Camilla Townsend, Indigenous Life after the Conquest: The De la Cruz Family Papers of Colonial Mexico (University Park, Penn.: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2021), 45, 77.

Ca njcan catquj mjtzmotiamjctilia in tlapalivi: macujltzin quachtli, ic tonmonentlamachitiz in tianqujznaoac: ic toconmonextiliz in cochcaiutl, in neuhcaiutl: in chiltzintli, in jztatzintli, in ocotzintlj: auh in cetzin quauhtlatzaiantzin, injc tonmotlapopuchilitiez = here the husband provideth thee with merchandise, five large cotton capes with which thou wilt negotiate at the market place, with which thou wilt procure the sustenance, the chili, the salt, the torches, and some firewood, that thou mayest prepare food (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 132.

themes: 
Agriculture, Gardens, Stockraising
See also: 
tlapalihuiztli.
huitzoctli.